In a series hybrid configuration, the internal-combustion engine drives a generator. The various engine-battery configurations fall into two basic categories- series and parallel. Settling on the type of powerplant in emerging hybrid electric vehicles does not nearly end the drivetrain possibilities. #HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE SERIAL#Possibilities, Possibilities: Serial and Parallel Hybrids Practically speaking, this means that only the internal-combustion engine and battery combination has any chance of meeting the stringent requirements of the PNGV in the near future. At the 1996 International Seminar on the Application of Powertrain and Fuel Technologies to Meet Emission Standards, it was concluded that only spark-ignition (gasoline) engines will easily meet future emissions requirements. Gas turbine and compression-ignition (diesel) engines have also been tested, but suffer from low basic efficiencies, especially when scaled down to the required size. Fuel cells that use hydrogen instead of gasoline are being developed by most major automobile manufacturers but are not expected to be suitable for another ten or twenty years. Numerous primary power systems have been developed and evaluated. This granted automobile manufacturers flexibility in developing the most affordable solutions and provided market opportunities for unforeseen technological innovations. #HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE DRIVERS#This factor mostly affects US demand and advancement, as drivers in Europe and Japan already pay about three times as much for gasoline as do motorists in America.Īlthough the typical configuration consists of a hybrid gasoline and electric drivetrain, the PNGV never specified the technology to be used in achieving its “supercar” goal. A major catalyst in the development of the technology that is often underestimated is the declining availability and rising price of gasoline. These developments include lighter-weight body structures, more efficient engines, better batteries, and more efficient electric motors and generators. Major improvements in a host of enabling technologies have also brought the goal of the PNGV closer to reality. For example, regulations of the California Air Resources Board require large-volume auto manufacturers to produce 10% of their California light-duty vehicles as zero-emissions vehicles beginning in the model year 2003. Tough federal environmental regulations are requiring motor vehicles to further reduce emissions and improve fuel efficiency. Now, seven years after the conception of the PNGV, additional forces have aided in speeding the development of “supercar” technology. ”We are really converging on the 80-mpg car,” said Paul Wood, spokesman for the PNGV. This is but one of the innovations that are leading the way toward the modern supercar. Thus far, a major success of the PNGV has been the application of nickel-metal-hydride batteries, which enable twice the range of a comparable hybrid vehicle running on traditional lead-acid batteries. The program has played a critical role in advancing the President’s PNGV initiative. The US Department of Energy’s Hybrid Propulsion Program began in 1993 to accelerate the technological development of hybrid vehicles. Today, more than twenty-five years and more than $1 billion has been spent worldwide on development of the concept. Clearly, many involved in the industry see hybrid technology as an essential component of future vehicles. Marc Ross, a University of Michigan physicist who conducts research on energy efficiency in automobiles. “The risk of falling behind could be fatal ,” says Dr. We accept Visa and Mastercard debit and credit cards.Despite the hurdles that still must be overcome, all major automobile manufacturers are involved in hybrid research and development. The payment received does not impact the finance rate offered.Īll finance applications are subject to status, terms and conditions apply, UK residents only, 18’s or over, Guarantees may be required. The payment we receive may vary between finance providers and product types. We may receive a payment(s) or other benefits from finance providers should you decide to enter into an agreement with them, typically either a fixed fee or a fixed percentage of the amount you borrow. We do not charge fees for our Consumer Credit services. We can introduce you to a limited number of finance providers. Permitted activities include acting as a credit broker not a lender. #HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE REGISTRATION#Need a hand? We're ready to help 8am-8pm, 7 days a week.Įmail Cars Limited is an appointed representative of ITC Compliance Limited which is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (their registration number is 313486).
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